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Problem 628


Problem 628


Open chess positions

A position in chess is an (orientated) arrangement of chess pieces placed on a chessboard of given size. In the following, we consider all positions in which n pawns are placed on a n×n board in such a way, that there is a single pawn in every row and every column.

We call such a position an open position, if a rook, starting at the (empty) lower left corner and using only moves towards the right or upwards, can reach the upper right corner without moving onto any field occupied by a pawn.

Let f(n) be the number of open positions for a n×n chessboard.
For example, f(3)=2, illustrated by the two open positions for a 3×3 chessboard below.

Open position 1

Open position 2

You are also given f(5)=70.

Find f(108) modulo 1 008 691 207.


开放局面

国际象棋中,在给定大小的棋盘上(按照固定朝向)摆放一系列棋子,称为局面。接下来,只考虑在n×n的棋盘上摆放n个兵,并使得每一行每一列都只有一个兵的局面。

如果棋盘的左下角是空的,且在这个位置摆放的车能够在不吃掉任何一个兵的情况下,通过只向右或向上移动到达棋盘的右上角,则称这样的局面为开放局面。

f(n)n×n棋盘上开放局面的数目。
例如,f(3)=2,这两种开放局面如下图所示:

开放局面1

开放局面2

已知f(5)=70

f(108)1 008 691 207取余的结果。


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