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Problem 906


Problem 906


A Collective Decision

Three friends attempt to collectively choose one of n options, labeled 1,,n, based upon their individual preferences. They choose option i if for every alternative option j at least two of the three friends prefer i over j. If no such option i exists they fail to reach an agreement.

Define P(n) to be the probability the three friends successfully reach an agreement and choose one option, where each of the friends’ individual order of preference is given by a (possibly different) random permutation of 1,,n.

You are given P(3)=17/18 and P(10)0.6760292265.

Find P(20 000). Give your answer rounded to ten places after the decimal point.


集体决定

三位朋友试图根据他们各自的偏好集体从n个选项中选择其中之一,这些选项分别用1,,n表示。如果存在选项i使得,对于任意其他选项j,至少有两位朋友更喜欢选项i胜过选项j,那么他们就会选择选项i。如果不存在这样的选项i,他们就无法达成一致。

定义P(n)为三位朋友成功达成一致的概率,其中每位朋友的个人偏好可以由1,,n的一个(可能不同的)随机排列表示。

已知P(3)=17/18P(10)0.6760292265

P(20 000),并四舍五入保留十位小数作为你的答案。


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